Basics in customs: commodity code, origin and duties, customs value

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Learn about the important role customs duties play in choosing the third country supplier (the country of origin of the goods) from which you purchase goods. Also learn how the commodity code and customs value are determined. This video is not just for procurement team! Sometimes all it takes is a little knowledge to save a lot of money.

This is the practical situation we discuss in this video training: Lukas is starting a new business. He wants to import bicycles into the European Union. After receiving offers from suppliers in three different countries, Lukas does not know which one to choose. His friend Anna, a customs broker, helps him decide. She also gives him a brief and clear overview of the three "cornerstones" of customs law, namely:

  • The definition of commodity codes (HS, CN, TARIC);
  • Customs duties and the origin of goods;
  • The customs value of goods as a basis for calculating duties.

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Comments ()

Case law
icon
Classification of electric scooters for seniors - 10% or 0% duty?
16-02-2025

A recent case before the Court of Justice of the European Union raises the issue of the classification of an electric four-wheel vehicle for seniors traveling at speeds of up to 16 km per hour. The classification as ‘other vehicles similar to golf carts’ and ‘wheelchairs/other vehicles designed for disabled persons’ was decided with a duty of 10% or 0%, respectively. Let us review the main highlights determining the classification of such goods.

Ingrida Sakalienė

classification
Case law
icon
Classification of electric scooters for seniors - 10% or 0% duty?
16-02-2025

A recent case before the Court of Justice of the European Union raises the issue of the classification of an electric four-wheel vehicle for seniors traveling at speeds of up to 16 km per hour. The classification as ‘other vehicles similar to golf carts’ and ‘wheelchairs/other vehicles designed for disabled persons’ was decided with a duty of 10% or 0%, respectively. Let us review the main highlights determining the classification of such goods.

Ingrida Sakalienė

classification
Country update
icon
Should the UK rejoin PEM?
12-01-2025

Whenever the topic of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) review comes up, the Pan-European Mediterranean (PEM) origin cumulation zone is one of the topics mentioned as potentially in scope. Recently, several reports and organizations have included rejoining PEM as one of the recommendations for the new Government. Rejoining PEM is indeed one of the steps that could improve market access for products from all industries that could be done within the current format of the TCA. It could also be done without changing the essential character of the relationships, i.e. one based on a simple and fairly basic trade agreement.

Dr Anna Jerzewska

origin
Country update
icon
Should the UK rejoin PEM?
12-01-2025

Whenever the topic of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) review comes up, the Pan-European Mediterranean (PEM) origin cumulation zone is one of the topics mentioned as potentially in scope. Recently, several reports and organizations have included rejoining PEM as one of the recommendations for the new Government. Rejoining PEM is indeed one of the steps that could improve market access for products from all industries that could be done within the current format of the TCA. It could also be done without changing the essential character of the relationships, i.e. one based on a simple and fairly basic trade agreement.

Dr Anna Jerzewska

origin
icon
Pan-European-Mediterranean (PEM) Zone
12-01-2025

The Pan-European-Mediterranean Zone was implemented in 2005. The idea was to create a cumulation zone between Europe and its neighbours and to encourage intra-regional integration by promoting trade and cooperation. The PEM Convention allows for the cumulation of origin between different countries within the zone. Cumulation of origin is one of the ways to allow for greater flexibility when it comes to using raw and semi-manufactured materials in the production process. It allows a member of a trade agreement to use originating products from other members.

origin
icon
Pan-European-Mediterranean (PEM) Zone
12-01-2025

The Pan-European-Mediterranean Zone was implemented in 2005. The idea was to create a cumulation zone between Europe and its neighbours and to encourage intra-regional integration by promoting trade and cooperation. The PEM Convention allows for the cumulation of origin between different countries within the zone. Cumulation of origin is one of the ways to allow for greater flexibility when it comes to using raw and semi-manufactured materials in the production process. It allows a member of a trade agreement to use originating products from other members.

origin
Topic spotlight
icon
From textiles to motor vehicles: a sectoral study of rules of origin complexity
29-12-2024

In their recent report, the World Customs Organization (WCO) proposed a new methodology for classifying and comparing product-specific rules of origin between agreements. This new conceptual tool: the "drafting complexity index" (DCI) was used to provide insights into rules for automotive and textile sectors.

Guillaume Gerout

origin
Topic spotlight
icon
From textiles to motor vehicles: a sectoral study of rules of origin complexity
29-12-2024

In their recent report, the World Customs Organization (WCO) proposed a new methodology for classifying and comparing product-specific rules of origin between agreements. This new conceptual tool: the "drafting complexity index" (DCI) was used to provide insights into rules for automotive and textile sectors.

Guillaume Gerout

origin
Topic spotlight
icon
What is new in the Combined Nomenclature 2025?
22-12-2024

Editor's note (by Enrika Naujoke). Want to have fun? Try explaining various aspects of product classification to programmers who are to integrate it into software. For example, the latest update regarding tomatoes with “greatest diameter of less than 47 mm”. Yes, the tariff depends on classification based on “greatest of less” wording! Let us know how you get on. We hope that reading the Combined Nomenclature updates from the perspective of this exercise will be interesting and engaging.

Eglė Pučkuvienė

classification
Topic spotlight
icon
What is new in the Combined Nomenclature 2025?
22-12-2024

Editor's note (by Enrika Naujoke). Want to have fun? Try explaining various aspects of product classification to programmers who are to integrate it into software. For example, the latest update regarding tomatoes with “greatest diameter of less than 47 mm”. Yes, the tariff depends on classification based on “greatest of less” wording! Let us know how you get on. We hope that reading the Combined Nomenclature updates from the perspective of this exercise will be interesting and engaging.

Eglė Pučkuvienė

classification
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