Implementing Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) for Inclusive Re-Globalization

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This is a recording of a panel presented during the 2024 WTO Public Forum “Re-globalisation: better trade for a better world” in Geneva on 13 September. 

The session was organised and moderated by Nicolas Köhler-Suzuki from the Jacques Delors Institute and included CustomsClear’s Anna Jerzewska as one of the speakers. 

The session explored the implementation of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) and their interaction with the multilateral trading system. The panel assessed the critical role of RTAs in this process and their potential to foster a more sustainable and inclusive re-globalization. Key questions included: 

  • What is the contemporary role of RTAs in the international trading system? 
  • How do RTAs complement the multilateral trading system? 
  • Are RTAs promoting an inclusive and sustainable global economy or contributing to fragmentation?

The panel presented recent evidence on the effectiveness of RTAs and explored ways to improve their implementation. It talked about the challenges in navigating the “noodle bowl” of RTAs for private sector companies. The speakers also evaluated current data and identified gaps for the analysis of preference utilization. Finally, the panel looked at RTAs’ contributions to sustainability objectives.

Tomasz Gonciarz from the World Trade Organization presented the upcoming WTO RTA database. 

Dr Anna Jerzewska from CustomsClear, spoke about practical challenges around the utilisation of trade agreements and lessons learned for wider sustainability policies. 

Valerie Picard from the International Chamber of Commerce covered the Chamber’s experience supporting businesses around the world in using RTAs and self-certification. 

Colette van der Ven from Tulip Consulting shed light on the sustainability chapter of RTAs, their enforcement and dispute settlement provisions. 

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Comments ()

Country update, Topic spotlight
icon
Should the UK rejoin PEM?
12-01-2025

Whenever the topic of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) review comes up, the Pan-European Mediterranean (PEM) origin cumulation zone is one of the topics mentioned as potentially in scope. Recently, several reports and organizations have included rejoining PEM as one of the recommendations for the new Government. Rejoining PEM is indeed one of the steps that could improve market access for products from all industries that could be done within the current format of the TCA. It could also be done without changing the essential character of the relationships, i.e. one based on a simple and fairly basic trade agreement.

Dr Anna Jerzewska

origin
Country update, Topic spotlight
icon
Should the UK rejoin PEM?
12-01-2025

Whenever the topic of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) review comes up, the Pan-European Mediterranean (PEM) origin cumulation zone is one of the topics mentioned as potentially in scope. Recently, several reports and organizations have included rejoining PEM as one of the recommendations for the new Government. Rejoining PEM is indeed one of the steps that could improve market access for products from all industries that could be done within the current format of the TCA. It could also be done without changing the essential character of the relationships, i.e. one based on a simple and fairly basic trade agreement.

Dr Anna Jerzewska

origin
icon
Pan-European-Mediterranean (PEM) Zone
12-01-2025

The Pan-European-Mediterranean Zone was implemented in 2005. The idea was to create a cumulation zone between Europe and its neighbours and to encourage intra-regional integration by promoting trade and cooperation. The PEM Convention allows for the cumulation of origin between different countries within the zone. Cumulation of origin is one of the ways to allow for greater flexibility when it comes to using raw and semi-manufactured materials in the production process. It allows a member of a trade agreement to use originating products from other members.

origin
icon
Pan-European-Mediterranean (PEM) Zone
12-01-2025

The Pan-European-Mediterranean Zone was implemented in 2005. The idea was to create a cumulation zone between Europe and its neighbours and to encourage intra-regional integration by promoting trade and cooperation. The PEM Convention allows for the cumulation of origin between different countries within the zone. Cumulation of origin is one of the ways to allow for greater flexibility when it comes to using raw and semi-manufactured materials in the production process. It allows a member of a trade agreement to use originating products from other members.

origin
Topic spotlight
icon
From textiles to motor vehicles: a sectoral study of rules of origin complexity
29-12-2024

In their recent report, the World Customs Organization (WCO) proposed a new methodology for classifying and comparing product-specific rules of origin between agreements. This new conceptual tool: the "drafting complexity index" (DCI) was used to provide insights into rules for automotive and textile sectors.

Guillaume Gerout

origin
Topic spotlight
icon
From textiles to motor vehicles: a sectoral study of rules of origin complexity
29-12-2024

In their recent report, the World Customs Organization (WCO) proposed a new methodology for classifying and comparing product-specific rules of origin between agreements. This new conceptual tool: the "drafting complexity index" (DCI) was used to provide insights into rules for automotive and textile sectors.

Guillaume Gerout

origin
Topic spotlight
icon
Interview: Why Politicians Lie About Trade... and What You Need to Know about It
24-11-2024

Dmitry Grozoubinski is a recognized authority on international trade policy and the author of “Why Politicians Lie About Trade”. The book is an accessible guide to how international trade really works. It gives voters a peak behind the curtain, and equips them with the tools to ask the right questions of those in power promising miracles or warning of disasters. In an interview with CustomsClear’s Anna Jerzewska, Dmitry talks about his book and experience venturing into the world of customs.

Dmitry Grozoubinski

trade topics
Topic spotlight
icon
Interview: Why Politicians Lie About Trade... and What You Need to Know about It
24-11-2024

Dmitry Grozoubinski is a recognized authority on international trade policy and the author of “Why Politicians Lie About Trade”. The book is an accessible guide to how international trade really works. It gives voters a peak behind the curtain, and equips them with the tools to ask the right questions of those in power promising miracles or warning of disasters. In an interview with CustomsClear’s Anna Jerzewska, Dmitry talks about his book and experience venturing into the world of customs.

Dmitry Grozoubinski

trade topics
Perspective
icon
Top five challenges for European customs
28-08-2024

Someone recently asked me what are the current top challenges for customs in Europe. The article is an attempt to summarise the answer to this question. These are the five issues that, in my opinion, are likely to impact the customs industry in the upcoming months and years. Some are more across-the-board and some are a bit more niche and local. The article comes from the author’s personal experience of working in the industry and across the private and public sectors and is therefore a personal perspective. By no means an exhaustive list.

Dr Anna Jerzewska

customs clearance, trade topics
Perspective
icon
Top five challenges for European customs
28-08-2024

Someone recently asked me what are the current top challenges for customs in Europe. The article is an attempt to summarise the answer to this question. These are the five issues that, in my opinion, are likely to impact the customs industry in the upcoming months and years. Some are more across-the-board and some are a bit more niche and local. The article comes from the author’s personal experience of working in the industry and across the private and public sectors and is therefore a personal perspective. By no means an exhaustive list.

Dr Anna Jerzewska

customs clearance, trade topics
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